Q 1 :

If the Solution y = y(x) of the differential equation (x4+2x3+3x2+2x+2)dy-(2x2+2x+3)dx=0 satisfies y(-1)=-π4, then y(0) is equal          [2024]

  • π4

     

  • π2

     

  • - π12

     

  • 0

     

(1)

(x4 + 2x3 + 3x2 + 2x + 2)dy - (2x2 + 2x + 3)dx = 0

dydx = 2x2 + 2x + 3x4 + 2x3 + 3x2 + 2x + 2

 dy =  (2x2 + 2x + 3x4 + 2x3 + 3x2 + 2x + 2) dx

 dy = 2x2 + 2x + 3(x2 + 1)(x2 + 2x + 2) dx

 dy = 1x2 + 1 dx + 1(x + 1)2 + 1 dx

  y = tan-1(x) + tan-1(1 + x) + C        ... (i)

Now, y(-1) = -π4

From (i), we get -π4 = tan-1(-1) + tan-1(1 - 1) + C

  -π4 = - π4 + C  C = 0

So, y(x) = tan-1(x) + tan-1(1 + x)

Now, y(0) = tan-1(0) + tan-1(1 + 0) = π4.

 



Q 2 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation (x2+4)2dy+(2x3y+8xy-2)dx=0. If y(0) = 0, then y(2) is equal to        [2024]

  • 2π

     

  • π16

     

  • π8

     

  • π32

     

(4)

We Have, (x2 + 4)2dy + (2x3y + 8xy - 2)dx = 0

  dydx + y(2x3 + 8x)(x2 + 4)2 = 2(x2 + 4)2

  dydx + 2xyx2 + 4 = 2(x2 + 4)2

IF = e2xx2 + 4 dx = eloge (x2 + 4) = x2 + 4

Solution is y(x2 + 4) = 2(x2 + 4)2 × (x2 + 4) dx + C

  y(x2 + 4) = 2x2+ 4 dx + C

  y(x2 + 4) = 2 × 12 tan-1(x2) + C

  y(x2 + 4) = tan-1(x2) + C                   ... (i)

Now. We have y(0) = 0

  0·(0 + 4) = tan-1(0) + C      C = 0

   y(x2 + 4) = tan-1x2

So, at x = 2

y(4 + 4) = tan-1 (22)      y = 18 × tan-1 1 = 18 × π4

  y = π32

 



Q 3 :

If y = y(x) is the solution of the differential equation dydx+2y=sin (2x), y(0)=34 then y (π8) is equal to          [2024]

  • e- π4

     

  • eπ4

     

  • eπ8

     

  • e- π8

(1)

dydx + 2y = sin 2xy(0) = 34

IF = e2dx = e2x

General solution of given differential equation is,

y × e2x = e2x sin 2x dx

  ye2x = e2x8 (2 sin 2x - 2 cos 2x) + c       [  eax sin bx dx = eaxa2 + b2 (a sin bx - b cos bx) + c]

  ye2x = e2x4 (sin 2x - cos 2x) + c

Now, y(0) = 34

  34 = 14 (-1) + c    c = 34 + 14 = 1

  y(π8) = 14 (12 - 12) + 1eπ/4 = e-π/4



Q 4 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation (1+x2) dydx+y=etan-1x, y(1) = 0. Then y(0) is                   [2024]

  • 12(eπ/2-1)

     

  • 12(1-eπ/2)

     

  • 14(eπ/2-1)

     

  • 14(1-eπ/2)

     

(2)

We Have, (1 + x2) dydx + y = etan-1x

  dydx + y1 + x2 = etan-1 x1 + x2

IF = e11 + x2 dx = etan-1 x

  yetan-1 x = etan-1 x1 + x2·etan-1 x dx + c

Let tan-1 x = t

  11 + x2 dx = dt      yet = e2t dt + c

  yet = e2t2 + c      yetan-1 x = e2 tan-1 x2 + c

Since y(1) = 0

  0eπ/4 = eπ/22 + c      c = -eπ/22

  y = etan-1 x2 - eπ/22etan-1 x

  y(0) = 12 - eπ/22 = 1 - eπ/22



Q 5 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation (2xlogex)dydx+2y=3xlogex, x > 0 and y(e-1)=0. Then y(e) is equal to                 [2024]

  • - 32e

     

  • - 2e

     

  • - 3e

     

  • - 23e

     

(3)

We Have,  dydx + 2y2x loge x = 3 loge xx (2x loge x)

  dydx + yx loge x = 32x2

IF = e1x loge x dx = elog (loge x) = loge x

  y loge x = 32x2 loge x dx

= 32 loge xx-2 dx - (32xx-2 dx) dx

= 32 loge x (-1x) + 32x2 dx + c = -3 loge x2x + (-32x) + c

Now, y(e-1) = 0

  0 = 3e2 - 3e2 + c    c = 0

  y loge x = -3 loge x2x - 32x     y = -32x - 32x loge x

 y(e) = -32e - 32e = -3e

 



Q 6 :

Suppose the solution of the differential equation dydx=(2 + α)x - βy + 2βx - 2αy - (βγ - 4α) represents a circle passing through origin. Then the radius of this circle is:        [2024]

  • 2

     

  • 12

     

  • 17

     

  • 172

     

(4)

We have, dydx = (2 + α)x - βy + 2βx - 2αy - (βγ - 4α)

  βxdy - 2αydy - (βγ - 4α) dy = 2xdx + αxdx - βydx + 2dx

On integrating, we get

βxdy + βydx - αy2 - (βγ - 4α) y = x2 + αx22 + 2x + c

βxy - αy2 - (βγ - 4α) y = x2(1 + α2) + 2x + c

  (1 + α2) x2 + αy2 - βxy + 2x + (βγ - 4α) y + c = 0

Since, it represents a circle which is passing through origin, then

1 + α2 = α, β = 0  and  c = 0            [  coeff. of x2 = coeff. of y2coeff. of xy = 0          ]

  α = 2

Equation of circle is given by

2x2 + 2y2 + 2x - 8y = 0      x2 + y2 + x - 4y = 0

  Centre  (- 12, 2)

  Radius = (12)2 + (2)2 - 0 = 172



Q 7 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation (1+y2)etanxdx+cos2x(1+e2tanx)dy=0 , y(0) = 1. Then y(π4) is equal to             [2024]

  • 2e

     

  • 1e2

     

  • 2e2

     

  • 1e

     

(4)

We Have, (1 + y2) etan xdx + cos2 x(1 + e2 tan x) dy = 0 

   etan xcos2 x (1 + e2 tan x) dx + 11 + y2 dy = 0

Integrating both sides, we get

sec2 xetan x1 + e2 tan x dx + dy1 + y2 = C

Put etan x = t    sec2 xetan xdx = dt

   tan-1(t) + tan-1y = C       tan-1(etan x) + tan-1y = C

Since, y(0) = 1

  π4 + π4 = C      C = π2

So, tan-1 (etan x) + tan-1 y = π2

For x = π4, we have

tan-1 y = π2 - tan-1 e

  tan-1 y = cot-1 e  tan-1 y = tan-1 1e  y = 1e

 



Q 8 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution curve of the differential equation secydydx+2x siny=x3cosy, y(1) = 0. Then y(3) is equal to:            [2024]

  • π6

     

  • π3

     

  • π4

     

  • π12

     

(3)

We have, sec y dydx + 2x sin y = x3 cos y

  sec2 y dydx + 2x tan y = x3               ... (i)

Let z = tan y    dzdx = sec2 y dydx

  From (i), dzdx + 2xz = x3

IF = e2xdx = ex2    z·ex2 = ex2·x3dx + c

  tan y·ex2 = 12(x2ex2 - ex2) + c

Since, y(1) = 0

  tan (0) · e = 12 (1·e - e) + c  c = 0

So, tan yex2 = 12 (x2ex2 - ex2)

  tan y = x2 - 12    y = tan-1 (x2 - 12)

  y(3) = tan-1 ((3)2 - 12) = tan-1(1) = π4

 



Q 9 :

The Solution curve of the differential equation 2y=dydx+3=5dydx, passing through the point (0, 1) is a conic, whose vertex lies on the line:           [2024]

  • 2x + 3y = –6

     

  • 2x + 3y = 6

     

  • 2x + 3y = –9

     

  • 2x + 3y = 9

     

(4)

We have, 2ydydx+3=5dydx

  2ydy + 3dx = 5dy

Integrating both sides, we get

y2 + 3x = 5y + c

Now, at point (0, 1) i.e., at x = 0, y = 1, we have

1 + 0 = 5 + c c = –4

So, y2 - 5y = -3x - 4

  y2 - 5y + 254 - 254 = -3x - 4

  (y - 52)2 = -3x + 94  (y - 52)2 = -3(x - 34)

Vertex = (34, 52), Which satisfies by 2x + 3y = 9.



Q 10 :

The Solution of the differential equation (x2+y2) dx-5xydy=0, y(1) = 0, is:         [2024]

  • |x2-2y2|5=x2

     

  • |x2-2y2|6=x

     

  • |x2-4y2|5=x2

     

  • |x2-4y2|6=x

     

(3)

We have, (x2 + y2) dx - 5xydy = 0

dydx = x2 + y25xy

Let y = vx  dydx = v + x dvdx

  v + x dydx = 1 + v25v  x dvdx = 1 + v25v - v

  5vdv1 - 4v2 = dxx  188 × 5vdv1 - 4v2 = dxx

  -58 ln |1 - 4v2| = ln |x| + ln c

  58 ln |x2 - 4y2|x2 + ln |x| + ln c = 0

  |x2 - 4y2x2|5/8 |x| = k

  |x2 - 4y2|5/8|x|14 = k            y(1) = 0  k = 1

  |x2 - 4y2|5/8 = |x|14  |x2 - 4y2|5 = x2



Q 11 :

Let 0x1-(y'(t))2dt=0xy(t)dt, 0x3, y0y(0) = 0. Then at x = 2, y" + y + 1 is equal to              [2024]

  • 2

     

  • 12

     

  • 2

     

  • 1

     

(4)

We have 0x1 - (y'(t))2 dt = 0xy(t) dt

On differentiating both sides, we get

1 - (y'(x))2 = y(x)

  1 - (y')2 = y2    y2 + (y')2 = 1

 2yy' + 2y" = 0    yy' + y" = 0

So, at x = 2, y" + y + 1 = 0 + 1 = 1.

 



Q 12 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation dydx=2x(x+y)3-x(x+y)-1, y(0)=1. Then, (12+y(12))2 equals:             [2024]

  • 12-e

     

  • 44+e

     

  • 21+e

     

  • 31-e

     

(1)

We have, dydx = 2x(x + y)3 - x(x +y) - 1, y(0) = 1

Let x + y = t    1 + dydx = dtdx

Now, dtdx - 1 = 2xt3 - xt - 1

  dtdx = 2xt3 - xt    1t3 dtdx +xt2 - 2x = 0

Put 1t2 = u    -2t3 dtdx = dudx we get

-12 dudx + xu = 2x     dudx - 2xu = -4x

  IF = e-2xdx = e-x2

Required solution = u·e-x2 = e-x2· (-4x) dx

  e-x2t2 = e-x2· (-4x) dx

  e-x2(x + y)2 = 2e-x2 + C    1(x + y)2 = 2 + Cex2

At  x = 0, y = 1, we get 1 =2 + C  C = -1

(x + y)2 = 12 - ex2

At x = 12, (y + 12)2 = 12 - e

  (y(12) + 12)2 = (12 - e).



Q 13 :

Let α be a non-zero real number. Suppose f : R  R is a differentiable function such that f(0) = 2 and limx  -f(x) = 1. If f'(x) = αf(x) + 3, for all x R, then f(- loge 2) is equal to ________.            [2024]

  • 7

     

  • 9

     

  • 3

     

  • 5

     

*

We have, f'(x) = αf(x) + 3    f'(x) - αf(x) = 3

Now, Let α > 0, IF = e-αdx = e-αx

  Solution is given by, e-αxf(x) = 3e-αxdx + C

  f(x) = -3α + Ceαx

Now, let α > 0, we have limx -f(x) = 1

  -3α + C limx -eαx = 1

Let α < 0, limx f(x) = -3α + C limx -eαx = 1

  -3α +  = 1 which is not possible

  Value of α does not exist.

 



Q 14 :

Let x = x(t) and y = y(t) be solutions of the differential equations dxdt+ax=0 and dydt+by=0 respectively, a,bR. Given that x(0) = 2; y(0)= 1 and 3y(1) = 2x(1), the value of t, for which x(t) = y(t), is:        [2024]

  • log43 2

     

  • log23 2

     

  • log4 3

     

  • log3 4

(1)

We have, dxdt + ax = 0

dxax = -dt    1a log x = -t + c1

  x(0) = 2

c1 = 1a log 2    1a log x = -t + 1a log 2    x = 2e-at

Now, dydt +by = 0    1b log y = -t + c2

  y(0) = 1

  1b log(1) = -0 + c2    c2 = 0    y = e-bt

Now, 3y(1) = 2x(1)    3e-b = 4e-a

  ea - b = 43    a - b = log (43)       ... (i)

For x(t) = y(t), 2e-at = e-bt    e(a - b)t = 2    (a - b)t = log 2

  log (43) t = log 2      [From (i)]

  t = log 2log 43    t = log43 2



Q 15 :

If y = y(x) is the solution curve of the differential equation (x2-4)dy-(y2-3y)dx=0, x>2, y(4)=32 and the slope of the curve is never zero, then the value of y(10) equals:           [2024]

  • 31+(8)1/4

     

  • 31-(8)1/4

     

  • 31-22

     

  • 31+22

     

(1)

Given differential equation is

(x2 - 4) dy - (y2 - 3y) dx = 0      dyy2 - 3y = dxx2 - 4

Integrating on both sides, we get

dyy2 - 3y = dxx2 - 4

   13y - (y - 3)y(y - 3) dy = 14(x + 2) - (x - 2)(x - 2)(x + 2) dx

   dy3(y - 3) - dy3y = dx4(x - 2) - dx4(x + 2)

   13 ln |y - 3y| = 14 ln |x - 2x + 2| + ln C      y -3y = C1(x - 2)3/4(x + 2)3/4

   y = 3(x + 2)3/4(x + 2)3/4 - C1(x - 2)3/4

Now, y(4) = 32    C1 = -33/4

   y = 3(x + 2)3/4(x + 2)3/4 + (3x - 6)3/4

So, y(10) = 3 × 123/4123/4 + 243/4 = 31 + 23/4 = 31 + (8)1/4



Q 16 :

A function y = f(x) satisfies f(x)sin2x+sin x-(1+cos2 x) f'(x)=0 with condition f(0) = 0. Then f(π2) is equal to         [2024]

  • 2

     

  • 0

     

  • 1

     

  • – 1

     

(3)

We have, y sin 2x + sin x - (1 + cos2 x) dydx = 0

  dydx (1 + cos2 x) - y sin 2x = sin x

  dydx - (sin 2x1 + cos2 x) y = sin x1 + cos2 x

IF = e-sin 2x1 + cos2 x dx = elog (1 + cos2 x) = 1 + cos2 x

So, solution is given by

y·(1 + cos2 x) = sin x(1 + cos2 x) (1 + cos2 x) dx

  y(1 + cos2 x) = sin xdx   y(1 + cos2 x) = - cos x + c         ... (i)

Now, y(0) = 0

  0 = - cos(0) + c    c = 1

From (i), y (1 + cos2 x) = - cos x + 1    y = 1 - cos x1 + cos2 x

  y (π2) = 1 - 01 + 0 = 1



Q 17 :

If sin(yx)=loge|x|+α2 is the solution of the differential equation xcos(yx)dydx=ycos(yx)+x and y(1)=π3, then α2 is equal to         [2024]

  • 4

     

  • 3

     

  • 9

     

  • 12

     

(2)

The given differential equation is,

x cos (yx) dydx = y cos (yx) + x          ... (i)

Put y = vx    dydx = v + x dvdx

   (i) becomes,

x cos v (v + x dvdx) = vx·cos v + x    x dvdx = sec v

  cos vdv = dxx    sin v = log|x| + c

  sin yx = log |x| + c

Now, y(1) = π3    sin π3 = c    c = 32

So, the solution of given differential equation is,

sin (yx) = log |x| + 32

On comparing with given solution, we get

α = 3    α2 = 3.

 



Q 18 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation sec xdy + {2(1 – x) tan x + x(2 – x)} dx = 0 such that y(0) = 2. Then y(2) is equal to             [2024]

  • 2{1 – sin (2)}

     

  • 1

     

  • 2{sin (2) + 1}

     

  • 2

     

(4)

sec xdy + {2(1 – x) tan x + x(2 – x)} dx = 0

  dydx = - 2(1 - x) tan x - x(2 - x)sec x

  dydx = - 2(1 - x) sin x - x cos x (2 - x)

  dy = - 2(1 - x) sin xdx - cos x (2x - x2) dx

  y = - 2(1 - x) sin xdx - (2x - x2) sin x +(2 - 2x) sin xdx + c

  y = - (2x - x2) sin x + c

Now, y(0) = 2    2 = c

  y = - (2x - x2) sin x + 2    y(2) = 2

 



Q 19 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation dydx=(tan x)+ysinx(secx-sinx tanx), x(0,π2) satisfying the condition y(π4)=2. Then, y(π3) is          [2024]

  • 3(2+loge3)

     

  • 3(2+loge3)

     

  • 32(2+loge3)

     

  • 3(1+2loge3)

     

(2)

We have, dydx = tan x + ysin x (sec x - sin x · tan x)

= sin xcos x + ysin x (1cos x - sin x · sin xcos x)

= sin x + y cos xsin x (1 - sin2 x) = sin x + y cos xsin x · cos2 x

dydx= sec2 x + y · 1sin x · cos x

Now, IF = e-1sin x · cos x dx = e-2cosec 2x dx

= e-2(log |cosec 2x - cot 2x|2) = e- log |cosec 2x - cot 2x|

= 1|cosec 2x - cot 2x| = 1|tan x|

The solution is

y · 1|tan x| = 1|tan x| · sec2 xdx = log |tan x| + c

y = |tan x| · log |tan x| + c |tan x|

At  x = π4, y = 2    2 = 0 + c    c = 2

At  x = π3

y = 3·log3 + 23 = 3(log3 + 2).



Q 20 :

The Solution curve of the differential equation ydxdy=x(loge x-loge y+1), x > 0, y > 0 passing through the point (e, 1) is          [2024]

  • |loge xy|=y

     

  • |loge yx|=y2

     

  • 2|loge xy|=y+1

     

  • |loge yx|=x

     

(1)

y dydx = x (loge x - loge y + 1)

dxdy = xy (log x - log y + 1)

dxdy = xy (log xy + 1)                     (   log x - log y = log xy)

Let xy = t      x = ty

Differentiating w.r.t y

  dxdy = t + y dtdy      t + y dtdy =  t log t + t

 

  dtt log t = dyy      log (log t) = log y + c

  log (log xy) = log y + c

at x = e and y = 1 (passing point)

  log (log e1) = log 1 + c      c = 0

  log (log xy) = log y + 0

  log (log xy) = log y    log (xy) = y



Q 21 :

The temperature T(t) of a body at time t = 0 is 160º F and it decreases continuously as per the differential equation dTdt=- K(T-80), where K is positive constant. If T(15) = 120º F, then T(45) is equal to          [2024]

  • 80º F

     

  • 90º F

     

  • 85º F

     

  • 95º F

     

(2)

Given differential equation is

dTdt = - K (T - 80)

Now, dTT - 80 = - K dt

On integrating, we get

dTT - 80 = - Kdt

   log |T - 80| = - Kt + C                  ... (i)

When t = 0, T = 160º F  

   log |160 -80| = - K × 0 + C

   C = log (80)

From (i),

log |T – 80| = – Kt + log (80)                ...(ii)

Now, when t = 15, T = 120º F

   From (ii),

log (120 - 80) = -K × 15 + log (80)

   15K = log (8040) = log (2)                               k = log (2)15

When t = 45, then from (ii),

log (T - 80) = - log (2)15 × 45 + log (80)

   log (T - 80) = -3 log (2) + log (80) = log (808) = log (10)

   log (T - 80) = 1      T -80 = 101

   T = 90° F



Q 22 :

Let the solution y = y(x) of the differential equation dydxy=1+4 sin x satisfy y(π) = 1. Then y(π2)+10 is equal to __________.          [2024]



(7)

Given, dydxy=1+4 sin x, which is a linear differential equation.

  Integrating factor = =edx=ex

Hence, solution is yex=(1+4 sin x)exdx

=ex+2ex(sin xcos x)+C          ... (i)

y(π) = 1 i.e., at x = π, y = 1

  From (i), we get

(1)eπ=eπ+2eπ(sin πcos π)+C

 eπ=eπ+2eπ+C  C=0

Hence, y(x) = –1 – 2(sin x + cos x)

Now, y(π2)+10=12(sinπ2+cosπ2)+10

                             = –1 – 2(1) + 10 = 7.



Q 23 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation (x+y+2)2dx=dy, y(0) = –2. Let the maximum and minimum values of the function y = y(x) in [0,π3] be α and β, respectively. If (3α+π)2+β2=γ+δ3, γ, δZ, then γ+δ equals __________.          [2024]



(31)

We have, dydx=(x+y+2)2          ... (i)

Put x + y + 2 = t

 1+dydx=dtdx

  From (i) dtdx1=t2  dt1+t2=dx tan1t=x+C

 x+y+2=tan(x+C)  y=tan(x+C)x2

  y(0)=2  2=tan C02

 tan C=0  C=0  y=tan xx2

 dydx=sec2x10

 y(x) is increasing if x(0,π3)  α=y(π3), β=y(0)

 α=tanπ3π32=π3-2+3

and β = tan 0 – 0 – 2 = –2

Hence, (3α+π)2+β2=(π6+33+π)2+(2)2

=(6+33)2+4=36+27363+4

=67363=y+δ3          [Given]

On comparing, we get

γ = 67 and δ = –36

Hence, γ+δ=6736=31.



Q 24 :

Let f be a differentiable function in the interval (0, ) such that f(1) =1 and limtxt2f(x)x2f(t)tx=1 for each x > 0. Then 2f(2) + 3f(3) is equal to __________.          [2024]



(24)

We Have lttxt2f(x)x2f(t)tx=1          (00 form)

 lttx2tf(x)x2f'(t)1=1          [L'Hospital Rule]

 2xf(x)x2f'(x)=1  f'(x)2xf(x)=1x2

IF=e2xdx=e2 ln x=1x2

  f(x)1x2=1x2·1x2dx+C  f(x)1x2=13x3+C

Now, f(1) = 1

 23=C  f(x)=13x+2x23

Now, 2f(2)+3f(3)=2[16+83]+3[19+183]

=13+163+13+18=6+18=24.



Q 25 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation dydx+2x(1+x2)2y=xe1(1+x2); y(0) = 0. Then the area enclosed by the curve f(x)=y(x)e1(1+x2) and the line yx = 4 is __________.          [2024]



(18)

We have, dydx+2x(1+x2)2y=xe1(1+x2)

IF=e2x(1+x2)2dx=e11+x2

  General solution of given differential equation is,

y·e11+x2=xe11+x2·e11+x2dx

 ye11+x2=x22+c

Since y(0) = 0

 0=0+c

 c=0

  y(x)=x22e11+x2

 f(x)=x22

So, intersection of curve y=f(x)=x22 and y = x + 4 is given by x22=x+4

 x22x8=0  (x4)(x+2)=0

 x=4, 2  y=8, 2

  Required area = 24((x+4)x22)dx

[x22+4xx36]24=[8+163232+886]

= 30 – 12 = 18.



Q 26 :

If the solution y(x) of the given differential equation (ey+1) cos xdx+ey sin xdy = 0 passes through the point (π2,0), then the value of ey(π6) is equal to _________.          [2024]



(3)

Givem, (ey+1) cos xdx+ey sin xdy = 0

 d(ey sin x)+ cos xdx=0  ey sin x +sin x=C

The curve passes through (π2,0)

 C=2  ey sin x+ sin x=2

 (ey(π6)12+12)=2  ey(π6)+1=4  ey(π6)=3.



Q 27 :

Let α|x|=|y|exyβ, α, βN be the solution of the differential equation xdyydx + xy (xdy + ydx) = 0, y(1) = 2. Then α + β is equal to __________.          [2024]



(4)

We have, α|x|=|y|exyβ

and xdyydxy2+xy(xdy+ydx)y2=0

 d(xy)+xyd(xy)=0  d(xy)=d(xy)x/y

 xy=ln|xy|+ln c  xy=ln(|xy|·c)          ... (i)

  y(1) = 2, i.e., x = 1, y = 2

  From (i), 2=ln(|12|c)  c=2e2

  xy=ln(|xy|·2e2)

 exy=|x||y|·2e2  2|x|=|y|exy2

Also, solution of equation is α|x|=|y|exyβ          (Given)

On comparing, α = 2, β = 2. Hence, α + β = 4.



Q 28 :

If x = x(t) is the solution of the differential equation (t+1)dx=(2x+(t+1)4)dt, x(0) = 2, then x(1) equals __________.           [2024]



(14)

We have, (t+1)dx=(2x+(t+1)4)dt

 dxdt=2xt+1+(t+1)3; P=2t+1, Q=(t+1)3

So, I.F. =ePdt=e2t+1dt=e2 log (t+1)=(t+1)2

The Solution of given differential equation is given by x(I.F.)=Q·(I.F.)dt+C

 x(t+1)2=(t+1)3(t+1)2dt+C

 x(t+1)2=(t+1)dt+C  x=(t+1)2[t22+t+C]

Putting x(0) = 2, we get

2=(1)2(0+0+C)  C=2

   x=(t+1)2(t22+t+2)

At t=1, x = (2)2(12+1+2)=4(72)=14.



Q 29 :

If dxdy=1+xy2y, x(1) = 1, then 5x(2) is equal to __________.          [2024]



(5)

We have, dxdy=1+xy2y  dxdyxy=1y2y

Now, I.F.=e1ydy=e log y=1y

So, solution is given by,

xy=1y2y2dy+C  xy=1yy+C

 x=1y2+Cy

  x(1)=1  1=11+C  C=3

 x=1y2+3y

  5x(2) = 5(–1 – 4 + 6) = 5.



Q 30 :

If the solution of the differential equation (2x + 3y – 2)dx + (4x + 6y – 7)dy = 0, y(0) = 3, is αx+βy+3 loge |2x+3yγ|=6, then α+2β+3γ is equal to __________.          [2024]



(29)

(2x + 3y – 2)dx + (4x + 6y – 7)dy = 0

dydx=(2x+3y2)(4x+6y7          ... (i)

Let 2x + 3y = t

 2+3dydx=dtdx  dydx=13[dtdx2]

Putting in (i), we get

13[dtdx]23=(t2)2t7

 13[dtdx]=23t22t7=4t143t+63(2t7)

 dtdx=t82t7  dx=2t7t8dt

 dx+c=2dt+9dtt8

 x+c=2t+9 ln |t8|

 2(2x+3y)+9 ln |2x+3y8|=x+c

which is the solution of given differential equation.

Now, y(0)=3  2(9)+9 ln |1|=c  c=18

Putting the value of c in (i), we get

4x+6y+9 ln |2x+3y8|=x+18

 3x+6y+9 ln |2x+3y8|=18

 x+2y+3 ln |2x+3y8|=6

 α=1. β=2, γ=8

Therefore, α+2β+3γ=1+2(2)+3(8)=1+4+24=29.