Identify the types of cell junctions that help to stop the leakage of substances across a tissue and facilitate communication with neighboring cells via rapid transfer of ions and molecules. [2021]
Adhering junctions and gap junctions, respectively.
Gap junctions and adhering junctions, respectively.
Tight junctions and gap junctions, respectively.
Adhering junctions and tight junctions, respectively.
(3)
Tight junctions help to stop substances from leaking across a tissue. Gap junctions facilitate the cells to communicate with each other by connecting the cytoplasm of adjoining cells, for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules, and certain big molecules.
Cuboidal epithelium with brush border of microvilli is found in [2020]
lining of intestine
ducts of salivary glands
proximal convoluted tubule of nephron
Eustachian tube
(3)
The cuboidal epithelium is composed of a single layer of cube-like cells, which is commonly found in ducts of glands and tubular parts of nephrons in kidneys, and its main functions are secretion and absorption. The epithelium of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) of the nephron in the kidney has microvilli.
Goblet cells of alimentary canal are modified from [2020]
squamous epithelial cells
columnar epithelial cells
chondrocytes
compound epithelial cells
(2)
Certain cells of columnar epithelial cells contain mucous and are called goblet cells as they look like goblets. Such cells are present in the alimentary canal.
The ciliated epithelial cells are required to move particles or mucus in a specific direction. In humans, these cells are mainly present in [2019]
bronchioles and fallopian tubes
bile duct and bronchioles
fallopian tubes and pancreatic duct
Eustachian tube and salivary duct
Match the following cell structure with its characteristic feature. [2019]
| (A) Tight junctions | (i) Cement neighboring cells together to form a sheet |
| (B) Adhering junctions | (ii) Transmit information through chemicals to another cell |
| (C) Gap junctions | (iii) Establish a barrier to prevent leakage of fluid across epithelial cells |
| (D) Synaptic junctions | (iv) Cytoplasmic channels to facilitate communication between adjacent cells |
Select the correct option from the following:
A-(ii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(iii)
A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(i), D-(iii)
A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii)
A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(i), D-(ii)
Smooth muscles are [2016]
Involuntary, fusiform, non-striated
Voluntary, multinucleate, cylindrical
Involuntary, cylindrical, striated
Voluntary, spindle-shaped, uninucleate
(1)
Smooth muscle fibers are elongated and spindle-shaped (fusiform). Each fiber contains a single oval nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm (sarcoplasm). In cytoplasm, myofibrils are arranged longitudinally. These fibers lack striations and sarcolemma. However, they are enclosed by the plasma membrane.
Which type of tissue correctly matches with its location? [2016]
Tissue Location
Transitional epithelium Tip of nose
Tissue Location
Cuboidal epithelium Lining of stomach
Tissue Location
Smooth muscle Wall of intestine
Tissue Location
Areolar tissue Tendons
(3)
Tip of nose has elastic cartilage. Simple columnar epithelium lines the stomach. Tendon is white fibrous connective tissues. Posterior part of intestine has single-unit smooth muscle in which all fibers of muscle contract simultaneously as single unit.
The function of the gap junction is to [2015]
Separate two cells from each other
Stop substances from leaking across a tissue
Performing cementing to keep neighbouring cells together
Facilitate communication between adjoining cells by connecting the cytoplasm for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules, and some large molecules.
(4)
Most cells in animal tissues (with the exception of a few terminally differentiated cells such as skeletal muscle cells and blood cells) are in communication with their adjoining cells via gap junctions. At the place where a gap junction is present, membranes of two adjacent cells are separated by a uniform narrow gap of about 2–4 nm. The gap is spanned by channel-forming proteins called connexins, which allow inorganic ions and other small water-soluble molecules to pass directly from the cytoplasm of one cell to the cytoplasm of the other cell.
Choose the correctly matched pair. [2014]
Tendon - Specialized connective tissue
Adipose tissue - Dense connective tissue
Areolar tissue - Loose connective tissue
Cartilage - Loose connective tissue
(3)
Areolar tissue is the most widely distributed loose connective tissue in the body. Tendon is a type of dense connective tissue, adipose tissue is a fat-storing loose connective tissue and cartilage is a specialized connective tissue.
Choose the correctly matched pair. [2014]
Inner lining of salivary ducts - Ciliated epithelium
Moist surface of buccal cavity - Glandular epithelium
Tubular parts of nephrons - Cuboidal epithelium
Inner surface of bronchioles - Squamous epithelium
(3)
Inner lining of salivary ducts - Simple cuboidal epithelium
Moist surface of buccal cavity - Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Inner surface of bronchioles - Ciliated columnar epithelium
