Q 11 :

If the solution curve, of the differential equation dydx=x+y–2x–y passing through the point (2, 1) is tan–1(y–1x–1)–1β loge(α+(y–1x–1)2)=loge|x–1|, then 5β+α is equal to __________.          [2024]



(11)

We have, dydx=x+y–2x–y

Substitute x = X + h and y = Y + k

⇒ dYdX=X+Y+h+k–2X–Y+h–k

Put h + k – 2 = 0 and h – k = 0

⇒ h = 1 and k = 1

∴  dYdX=X+YX–Y

Now, put Y = vX ⇒ dYdX=v+XdvdX

∴  v+XdvdX=X+vXX–vX=1+v1–v

⇒ XdvdX=1+v1–v–v=1+v–v+v21–v=1+v21–v

⇒ ∫1–v1+v2dv=∫dXX ⇒ ∫11+v2dv–∫v1+v2dv=∫dXX

⇒ tan–1v–12loge|1+v2|=log|X|+c

⇒ tan–1(y–1x–1)–12loge|1+(y–1x–1)2|=log|x–1|+c          ... (i)

Equation (i) passing through (2, 1), then

tan–1(1–12–1)–12loge|1+(1–12–1)2|=loge(2–1)+c

⇒ loge1+c=0 ⇒ c=0

∴  tan–1(y–1x–1)–12loge|1+(y–1x–1)2|=loge|x–1|

By comparing with

tan–1(y–1x–1)–1βloge|α+(y–1x–1)2|=loge|x–1|

β=2, α=1

∴  5β+α=5×2+1=11.



Q 12 :

If the solution curve y = y(x) of the differential equation (1+y2)(1+loge x)dx+xdy=0, x > 0 passes through the point (1, 1) and y(e)=α–tan(32)β+tan(32) then α+2β is __________.          [2024]



(3)

We have, (1+y2)(1+loge x)dx+xdy=0

⇒ dy1+y2=–(1+loge x)dxx

Integrating both sides, we get

tan–1y=–12(1+loge x)2+C                        ...(i)

At (1, 1), π4=–12+C ⇒ C=π4+12

∴ y=tan{π4+12[1–(1+loge x)2]}

⇒ y(e)=tan(π4+12–2)

=tan[π4–32]=tanπ4–tan321+tanπ4tan32=1–tan321+tan32

So, α = 1 and β = 1

∴ α+2β=3.



Q 13 :

Let f(x)=limr→x{2r2[(f(r))2–f(x)f(r)]r2–x2–r3ef(r)r} be differentiable in (–∞,0)∪(0,∞) and f(1) = 1. Then the value of ea, such that f(a) = 0, is equal to __________.          [2024]



(2)

f(x)=limr→x{2r2((f(r))2–f(x)f(r))r2–x2–r3ef(r)/r}

Using L'Hospital rule, we have

f(x)=limr→x{2r2[2f(r)·f'(r)–f(x)·f'(r)]+[f(r)2–f(x)·f(r)]·4r2r–r3ef(r)r}

=2x2[2f(x)·f'(x)–f(x)·f'(x)]+02x–x3ef(x)x

∴ f(x)=xf(x)·f'(x)–x3·ef(x)x

Let y = f(x)

y2=xy·dydx–x3eyx ⇒ dydx=y2+x3ey/xxy

Put y=vx ⇒ dydx=v+xdvdx

⇒ v2x2+x3evxxx·vx=v+xdvdx ⇒ v2+xevv–v=xdvdx

⇒ evv=dvdx ⇒ dx=ve–vdv

⇒ ∫dx=∫v·e–vdv ⇒ x+c=–e–v(v+1)

⇒ x+c=–e–y/x(yx+1)          ... (i)

∵ y(1)=1

⇒ 1+c=–e–1(2)

⇒ c=–1–2e          ... (ii)

Now, f(a) = 0

∴ a+c=–e–0/a(0a+1)          [Using (i)]

a + c = –1

a=–1–c=–1+1+2e=2e          [Using (ii)]

∴ ea = 2.



Q 14 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation (1–x2)dy=[xy+(x3+2)3(1–x2)]dx, –1 < x < 1, y(0) = 0. If y(12)=mn, m and n are co-prime numbers, then m + n is equal to __________.          [2024]



(97)

We have, (1–x2)dy=[xy+(x3+2)3(1–x2)]dx

⇒ dydx=x(1–x2)y+(x3+2)3–3x2(1–x2)

⇒ dydx–x1–x2y=(x3+2)3–3x21–x2

I.F.=e∫–x1–x2dx

Put 1–x2=t ⇒ –xdx=dt2

⇒ I.F. = e∫dt2t=e12ln t=e12ln(1–x2)

=eln(1–x2)12=(1–x2)12=1–x2

∴ y(1–x2)=∫(x3+2)3(1–x2)(1–x2)1–x2dx

⇒ y1–x2=3∫(x3+2)dx

⇒ y1–x2=3[x44+2x]+c

Since, y(0) = 0, so 0=c ⇒ y=31–x2(x44+2x)

Now, y(12)=31–14((12)44+2×12)=2(164+1)

=2(6564)=6532=mn

∴ m = 65, n = 32 ⇒ m + n = 65 +32 = 97.



Q 15 :

Let Y = Y(X) be a curve lying in the first quadrant such that the area enclosed by the line Y – y = Y'(x)(X – x) and the co-ordinate axes, where (x, y) is any point on the curve, is always –y22Y'(x)+1, Y'(X) ≠ 0. If Y(1) = 1, then 12Y(2) equals __________.          [2024]



(20)

We have, curve : Y = y(x)

Line : Y – y = Y'(x)(X – x)

Area = 12(x–yY'(x))(y–xY'(x))

⇒ 1–y22Y'(x)=(xY'(x)–y)(y–xY'(x))2Y'(x)

⇒ 2Y'(x)–y22Y'(x)=(xY'(x)–y)(y–xY'(x))2Y'(x)

⇒ 2Y'(x)–y2=xy Y'(x)–x2[Y'(x)]2–y2+xy Y'(x)

⇒ x2[Y'(x)]2+Y'(x)[2–xy–xy]=0

⇒ Y'(x)[x2Y'(x)+2–2xy]=0

⇒ x2Y'(x)+2–2xy=0  or  Y'(x)=2xy–2x2

⇒ dydx=(2x)y–2x2 ⇒ dydx–(2x)y=–2x2

I.F.=e–∫2xdx=e–2 log x=1x2

Solution is

y·1x2=∫–2x2×1x2dx=–2∫1x4dx  or  yx2=23x3+c

y=23x+cx2          ... (i)

1=23+c ⇒ c=13

At x = 2,

∴ y=23×2+13×4=13+43=53 ⇒ 12y=20.



Q 16 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation sec2xdx+(e2ytan2x+tan x)dy=0, 0<x<π2, y(π4)=0. If y(π6)=α, then e8α is equal to __________.          [2024]



(9)

We have, sec2xdx+(e2ytan2x+tan x)dy=0

Put tanx=t

⇒ sec2xdxdy=dtdy

Now, sec2xdxdy+(e2ytan2x+tan x)=0

⇒ dtdy+e2yt2+t=0 ⇒ dtdy+t=–t2e2y

1t2dtdy+1t=–e2y

Again put 1t=u ⇒ –1t2dtdy=dudy

∴ –dudy+u=–e2y ⇒ dudy–u=e2y

∴ I.F.=e–∫dy=e–y

∴ ue–y=∫e–ye2ydy

⇒ ue–y=∫eydy ⇒ 1te–y=ey+c

⇒ 1tan xe–y=ey+c          ... (i)

When, x=π4, y = 0

∴ 1tan(π4)e–0=e0+c ⇒ 1=1+c ⇒ c=0 

Also, when x=π6, y=α

∴  From (i), we have

1tanπ6e–α=eα+0 ⇒ 3=e2α ⇒ (e2α)4=(3)4

⇒ e8α=9.



Q 17 :

Let f:[1,∞)→[2,∞) be a differentiable function. If 10∫1xf(t)dt=5xf(x)–x5–9 for all x≥1, then the value of f(3) is :          [2025]

  • 32

     

  • 18

     

  • 22

     

  • 26

     

(1)

We have, 10∫1xf(t)dt=5xf(x)–x5–9

On differentiating both sides, we get

     10f(x)=5f(x)+5xf'(x)–5x4

⇒ 5f(x)=5xf'(x)–5x4

⇒ f(x)=xf'(x)–x4

⇒ f'(x)–1xf(x)=x3

⇒ dydx–yx=x3          [Taking y = f(x)]

This is a linear differential equation

∴  I.F.=e∫–1xdx=e–lnx=1x

Solution is yx=∫x3xdx+c

⇒ yx=x33+c 

⇒ y=x43+cx

⇒ f(x)=x43+cx        ... (i)

Now, using original equation, we have

10∫1xf(t)dt=5xf(x)–x5–9

Put x = 1, we get 0 = 5f(1) – 10 ⇒ f(1) = 2

Substituting this value in equation (i), we get

⇒ 2=13+c ⇒ c=53        ∴ f(x)=x43+53x

⇒ f(3)=27+5=32



Q 18 :

Let g be differentiable function such that ∫0xg(t)dt=x–∫0xtg(t)dt, x≥0 and let y = y(x) satisfy the differential equation dydx–y tan x=2(x+1) sec xg(x), x∈[0,π2). If y(0) = 0, then y(π3) is equal to          [2025]

  • 2π33

     

  • 2π3

     

  • 4π33

     

  • 4π3

     

(4)

we have, ∫0xg(t)dt=x–∫0xtg(t)dt          ... (i)

On differentiating equation (i), we get g(x) = 1 – xg(x)

⇒ g(x)=11+x

Now, dydx–y tan x=2(x+1) sec xg(x)

⇒ dydx–y tan x=2 sec x

∴  I.F.=e–∫tan xdx=elogecos x=cos x

Solution of D.E. is given by

y cos x=∫2 cos x·sec xdx+C

⇒ y cos x=2x+C ⇒ y(0)=0 ⇒ C=0

∴  y=2xcos x

⇒ y=2x sec x ⇒ y(π3)=2·π3·2=4π3



Q 19 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation dydx+3(tan2x)y+3y=sec2x, y(0)=13+e3. Then y(π4) is equal to         [2025]

  • 43+e3

     

  • 43

     

  • 23

     

  • 23+e3

     

(2)

Given, dydx+3(tan2x)y+3y=sec2x

⇒ dydx+3(sec2x)y=sec2x

I.F.=e3∫sec2xdx=e3 tan x

∴  Solution is given by e3 tan xy=∫e3 tan xsec2xdx

⇒ e3 tan xy=e3 tan x3+C          ... (i)

∵  y(0)=13+e3 ⇒ C=e3

Using equation (i), we get

e3 tan xy=e3 tan x3+e3

∴  y(π4)=e33+e3e3=43



Q 20 :

If a curve y = y(x) passes through the point (1,π2) and satisfies the differential equation (7x4cot y–excosec y)dxdy=x5, x≥1, then at x = 2, the value of cos y is:          [2025]

  • 2e2+e128

     

  • 2e2–e128

     

  • 2e2–e64

     

  • 2e2+e64

     

(2)

We have, (7x4cot y–excosec y)dxdy=x5

⇒ dydx=7x4cot yx5–excosec yx5

⇒ dydx-7xcot y=–exx5cosec y

⇒ sin y·dydx–cos y(7x)=–exx5

If –cos y=t ⇒ sin y·dydx=dtdx

⇒ dtdx+t(7x)=–exx5

Here, I.F.=x7

⇒ t·x7=–∫x2·exdx ⇒ cos y·x7=x2ex–2∫xexdx

⇒ cos y·x7=x2ex–2xex+2ex+c

at point (1,π2), we get c = –e

Thus, the value of cos y at x = 2 is

cos y=2e2–e128



Q 21 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution curve of the differential equation x(x2+ex)dy+(ex(x–2)y–x3)dx=0, x>0, passing through the point (1, 0). Then y(2) is equal to          [2025]

  • 22–e2

     

  • 44+e2

     

  • 44–e2

     

  • 22+e2

     

(2)

We have, x(x2+ex)dy+(ex(x–2)y–x3)dx=0

⇒ x(x2+ex)dydx+ex(x–2)y=x3

⇒ dydx+ex(x–2)x(x2+ex)y=x3(x2+ex)x

Where, P=ex(x–2)x(x2+ex) and Q=x2(x2+ex)

I.F.=e∫ex(x–2)x(x2+ex)dx=e∫ex+2xex+x2dx–∫2xdx=eln|ex+x2|–2 ln x

I.F.=1+exx2

Now, y·(1+exx2)=∫x2x2+ex·x2+exx2dx+C

⇒ y(1+exx2)=x+C

It is passing through the point (1, 0), then

C = –1

So, y(1+exx2)=x–1

Then y(2)=44+e2



Q 22 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation (x2+1)y'–2xy=(x4+2x2+1) cos x, y(0) = 1. Then ∫–33y(x)dx is :          [2025]

  • 18

     

  • 36

     

  • 30

     

  • 24

     

(4)

We have, (x2+1)dydx–2xy=(x4+2x2+1) cos x

⇒ dydx–(2xx2+1)y=(x2+1)2cos x(x2+1)=(x2+1) cos x          (Linear D.E.)

Here, P=–2x(x2+1), Q=(x2+1) cos x

I.F.=e∫Pdx=e∫–2x(x2+1)dx=1(x2+1)

Thus, the solution of linear D.E. is given by

⇒ y·1(x2+1)=∫(x2+1)cos x·1(x2+1)dx+c

⇒ yx2+1=sin x+c ⇒ 11=0+c ⇒ c=1          [∵ y(0) = 1]

∴  y=(x2+1)(sin x+1)

∫–33y(x)dx=∫–33(x2+1)(sin x+1)dx

=∫–33(x2sin x+x2+sin x+1)dx

∫–33x2sin xdx+∫–33x2dx+∫–33sin xdx+∫–331 dx

= 0 + 18 + 0 + 6 = 24



Q 23 :

Let f(x) = x – 1 and g(x)=ex for x∈R. If dydx=(e–2xg(f(f(x)))–yx), y(0) = 0, then y(1) is          [2025]

  • e–1e4

     

  • 2e–1e3

     

  • 1–e3e4

     

  • 1–e2e4

     

(1)

f(x) = x – 1 and g(x)=ex

f(f(x)) = f(x – 1) = (x – 1) – 1 = x – 2

g(f(f(x)))=g(x–2)=ex–2

Now, dydx+yx=e–2xex–2 ⇒ dydx+yx=ex–2–2x

Which is a linear differential equation

∴  I.F.=e∫1xdx=e2x

∴   Solution of differential equation is given by

ye2x=∫ex–2–2xe2xdx

⇒ ye2x=∫ex–2dx ⇒ ye2x=ex–2+C

Now, y(0) = 0

⇒ 0=e–2+C ⇒ C=–e–2

∴ y(x)=ex–2–2x–e–2–2x

Now, y(1)=e1–2–2–e–2–2=e–3–e–4=e–1e4



Q 24 :

Let x = x(y) be the solution of the differential equation y2dx+(x–1y)dy=0. If x(1) = 1, then x(12) is :         [2025]

  • 3 + e

     

  • 32+e

     

  • 12+e

     

  • 3 – e

     

(4)

We have, y2dx+(x–1y)dy=0

⇒ y2dx=(1y–x)dy ⇒ dxdy+xy2=1y3,

which is a linear D.E. with P=1y2 and Q=1y3

I.F.=e∫Pdy=e∫1y2dy=e–1y

∴   Solution is given by x·e–1/y=∫1y3·e–1/ydy+c

Putting 1y=t ⇒ –1y2dy=dt

⇒ x·e–1y=–∫t·e–tdy+c ⇒ x·e–1y=–e–t(–t–1)+c

⇒ x·e–1y=e–1y(1+1y)+c ⇒ x=1+1y+ce1/y

Now, at x(1) = 1, i.e., when x = 1, y = 1

⇒ 1=1+1+ce ⇒ c=–1e

∴   Solution is, x=1+1y–1e(e1/y)

∴  x(12)=1+2–1e×e2=3–e



Q 25 :

If x = f(y) is the solution of the differential equation (1+y2)+(x–2etan—1y)dydx=0, y∈(–π2,π2) with f(0) = 1, then f(13) is equal to :          [2025]

  • eπ/6

     

  • eπ/12

     

  • eπ/3

     

  • eπ/4

     

(1)

dxdy+x1+y2=2etan–1y1+y2, which is linear differential equation of first order.

I.F.=e∫dy1+y2=etan—1y

Thus, the required solution is given by

xetan—1y=∫2(etan—1y)21+y2dy

Put tan—1y=t, dy1+y2=dt          ∴ xetan–1y=e2 tan–1y+c

Given, f(0) = 1, we get 1 = 1 + c ⇒ c = 0

Therefore, x=etan–1y

⇒ f(13)=eπ6



Q 26 :

Let a curve y = f(x) pass through the points (0, 5) and (loge2,k). If the curve satisfies the differential equation 2(3+y)e2xdx–(7+e2x)dy=0, then k is equal to          [2025]

  • 16

     

  • 32

     

  • 8

     

  • 4

     

(3)

Given, 2(3+y)e2xdx–(7+e2x)dy=0

⇒ dydx=2(3+y)e2x(7+e2x)

⇒ dydx–2e2x(7+e2x)×y=6e2x(7+e2x)

∴  I.F.=e–∫(2e2x7+e2x)dx=17+e2x

∴  y×17+e2x=∫6e2x(7+e2x)2dx ⇒ y7+e2x=–3(7+e2x)+c

Since, f(x) pass through the points (0, 5) and (loge2,k).

Then, 58=–38+c ⇒ c=1

∴  y=–3+(7+e2x) ⇒ y=e2x+4

∴  k=e2loge2+4

⇒ k=eloge22+4 ⇒ k=4+4=8



Q 27 :

Let x = x(y) be the solution of the differential equation y=(x–ydxdy)sin(xy), y > 0 and x(1)=π2. Then cos (x(2)) is equal to :          [2025]

  • 2(loge2)2–1

     

  • 1–2(loge2)

     

  • 1–2(loge2)2

     

  • 2(loge2)–1

     

(1)

We have, ydy=(xdy–ydx)sin(xy)

⇒ dyy=(xdy–ydxy2)sin(xy)

⇒ dyy=sin(xy)d(xy)

⇒ log y=cosxy+C

⇒ 0=cosπ2+C          [∵ x=π2 and y=1]

⇒ C=0

∴  log y=cosxy

Put y = 2 in equation (i), we get

⇒ cosx2=log2

Now, cos x=2 cos2x2–1=2(loge2)2–1.



Q 28 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation (xy–5x21+x2)dx+(1+x2)dy=0, y(0) = 0. Then y(3) is equal to          [2025]

  • 152

     

  • 143

     

  • 532

     

  • 22

     

(3)

We have, (xy–5x21+x2)dx+(1+x2)dy=0

⇒ dydx=5x21+x2–xy(1+x2)

⇒ dydx+xy(1+x2)=5x21+x2

I.F.=∫ex1+x2dx=1+x2

y×1+x2=∫5x21+x2×1+x2dx+C

y1+x2=5x33+C

∵  y(0)=0

∴  C=0

⇒ y=5x331+x2

∴  y(3)=5×3×331+3=532



Q 29 :

Let for some function y = f(x), ∫0xtf(t)dt=x2f(x), x>0 and f(2) = 3. Then f(6) is equal to          [2025]

  • 3

     

  • 6

     

  • 1

     

  • 2

     

(3)

We have, ∫0xtf(x)dt=x2f(x), x>0

Differentiate the given equation, we get

          xf(x)=2xf(x)+x2f'(x)

⇒ xf(x)=–x2f'(x) ⇒ f(x)=–xf'(x)

⇒ ∫f'(x)f(x)dx=–∫1xdx ⇒ log f(x)=–log x+log C 

⇒ log f(x)=–log x + log C ⇒ f(x)=Cx

We have, f(2)=3; f(2)=3=C2 ⇒ C=6

So, f(x)=6x ⇒ f(6)=66=1



Q 30 :

Let f : R→R be a twice differentiable function such that f(2) = 1. If F(x) = xf(x) for all x∈R. ∫02xF'(x)dx=6 and ∫02x2F''(x)dx=40, then F'(2)+∫02F(x)dx is equal to :          [2025]

  • 13

     

  • 9

     

  • 11

     

  • 15

     

(3)

We have, ∫02xF'(x)dx=6          ... (i)

⇒ [xF(x)]02–∫02F(x)dx=6

⇒ 2F(2)–∫02F(x)dx=6

⇒ 4–∫02F(x)dx=6           [∵ F(2)=2f(2)=2]

⇒ ∫02F(x)dx=–2

Also, ⇒ ∫02x2F''(x)dx=40

⇒ [x2F'(x)]02–2∫02xF'(x)dx=40

⇒ 4F'(2)–2(6)=40 ⇒ F'(2)=13          [Using (i)]

Thus, F'(2)+∫02F(x)dx=13–2=11



Q 31 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation cos x(loge(cos x))2dy+(sin x–3y sinx loge(cos x))dx=0, x∈(0, π2). If y(π4)=–1loge2, then y(π6) is equal to:          [2025]

  • –1loge(4)

     

  • 1loge(3)–loge(4)

     

  • 2loge(3)–loge(4)

     

  • 1loge(4)–loge(3)

     

(2)

We have, cos x(ln(cos x))2dy+(sin x–3y (sin x)ln(cos x))dx=0

⇒ cos x(ln(cos x))2dydx–3 sin x·ln(cos x)y=–sin x

⇒ dydx–3 tan xln(cos x)y=–tan x(ln(cos x))2

⇒ dydx+3 tan xln(sec x)y=–tan x(ln(sec x))2

I.F.=e∫3 tan xln(sec x)dx=ln(sec x))3

∴   Solution is y×(ln(sec x))3=–∫tan x(ln(sec x))2(ln(sec x))3dx+C

⇒ y×(ln(sec x))3=–12(ln(sec x))2+C

At x=π4, y=-1ln 2

∴  –1ln 2×(ln 2)3=–12(ln 2)2+C

⇒ –18 ln 2×(ln 2)3=–12×14(ln 2)2+C

⇒ –18(ln 2)2=–18(ln 2)2+C ⇒ C=0

∴  y(ln(sec x))3=–12(ln(sec x))2+0

⇒ y=–12 ln (sec x) ⇒ y=12 ln (cos x) 

∴  y(π6)=12 ln(cosπ6)=12 ln(32)

=12(12 ln 3–ln 2)=1ln 3–ln 4



Q 32 :

If for the solution curve y = f(x) of the differential equation dydx+(tan x)y=2+sec x(1+2 sec x)2, x∈(–π2,π2), f(π3)=310, then f(π4) is equal to:          [2025]

  • 93+310(4+3)

     

  • 3+110(4+3)

     

  • 4–214

     

  • 5–322

     

(3)

We have, dydx+(tan x)y=2+sec x(1+2 sec x)2

Here, P = tan x and Q=2+sec x(1+2 sec x)2

I.F.=e∫Pdx=e∫tan xdx=elog|sec x|=sec x

∴   Solution is given by,

y·sec x=∫(2+sec x)(1+2 sec x)2·sec xdx+c

⇒ y·sec x=∫2cosx+1(cos x+2)2dx+c

Put cos x=1–t21+t2 ⇒–sin xdx=–4t(1+t2)2dt 

∴  y·sec x=∫2(1–t21+t2)+1(1–t21+t2+2)2·2dt(1+t2)+c

⇒ y·sec x=∫2–2t2+1+t2(1–t2+2+2t2)2·2dt+c

⇒ y·sec x=2∫3–t2(t2+3)2dt+c

Put t+3t=u ⇒ (1–3t2)dt=du

∴  y·sec x=–2∫duu2+c

⇒ y·sec x=2u+c ⇒ y·sec x=2t+3/t+c

Now, at x=π3, t=13, y=310

⇒ 2310=21/3+33+c ⇒ c=0

Hence, y·sec x=2t+3/t ⇒ y=2sec x·(t+3/t)

At x=π4, t=2–1

∴  f(π4)=12·2(2–1)(2–1)2+3

=2(2–1)6–22=2–26–22×6+226+22

=12–22–436–8=8–2228=4–214



Q 33 :

Let f:R→R be a thrice differentiable odd function satisfying f'(x)≥0, f''(x)=f(x), f(0)=0, f'(0)=3. Then 9f(loge3) is equal to _________.          [2025]



(36)

Since, f(x) is a thrice differentiable odd function,

f''(x)=f(x) ⇒ f'(x)·f''(x)=f'(x)·f(x)

⇒  (f'(x))22=(f(x))22+C ⇒ (f'(x))2=(f(x))2+C'

∵  (f'(x))2=(f(x))2+9          [∵ f'(0)=3, f(0)=0]

y=f(x) ⇒ dydx=f'(x)=(f(x))2+9

=∫dx ⇒ log|y+y2+9|=x+C

⇒ f(0)=0 ⇒ C=log 3 ⇒ y+y2+9=3ex

At x = log 3; y = 4

∴  9f(loge3)=36



Q 34 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation dydx+2y sec2x=2 sec2x+3 tan x·sec2x such that y(0)=54. Then 12(y(π4)–e–2) is equal to __________.          [2025]



(21)

We have, dydx+(2 sec2x)y=2 sec2x+3 tan x sec2x

I.F.=e∫2 sec2xdx=e2 tan x

∴   Solution of differential equation is given by

y·e2 tan x=∫2 sec2x·e2 tan xdx+∫3 tan x sec2x·e2 tan xdx

Put tan x=t ⇒ sec2xdx=dt

∴  ye2 tan x=∫2e2tdt+3∫te2tdt

=2e2t2+3[te2t2–∫e2t2dt]

=e2t+32te2t–34e2t+c

⇒ ye2 tan x=e2 tan x+32tan xe2 tan x–34e2 tan x+c

⇒ y=14+32tan x+ce–2 tan x

Now, y(0)=54 ⇒ 54=14+c ⇒ c=1

∴  y=14+32tan x+e–2 tan x

⇒ y(π4)=14+32+e–2=74+e–2

∴  12(y(π4)–e–2)=12(74+e–2–e–2)=21



Q 35 :

Let y = f(x) be the solution of the differential equation dydx+xyx2–1=x6+4x1–x2, – 1 < x < 1 such that f(0) = 0. If 6∫–1/21/2f(x)dx=2π–α, then α2 is equal to __________.          [2025]



(27)

From given differential equation, we have

I.F.=e–12∫2x1–x2dx=e12ln(1–x2)=1–x2

Hence, solution of given D.E. is

y×1–x2=∫(x6+4x)dx=x77+2x2+c

Given, y(0) = 0, then c = 0

∴  y=x77+2x21–x2

Let  I=6∫–1212x77+2x21–x2dx          ... (i)

⇒ I=6∫–1212–x77+2x21–x2dx          ... (ii)

Adding (i) & (ii), we get

2I=24∫–1212x21–x2dx=2×24∫012x21–x2dx

Put x=sinθ ⇒ dx=cosθdθ

∴  I=24∫0π6sin2θcosθcosθdθ

=24∫0π6(1–cos2θ2)dθ=12[θ–sin2θ2]0π6

=12(π6–34)=2π–33

On comparing, we get α2=(33)2=27.



Q 36 :

Let f be a differentiable function such that 2(x+2)2f(x)–3(x+2)2=10∫0x(t+2)f(t)dt, x≥0. Then f(2) is equal to _________.          [2025]



(19)

We have,

2(x+2)2f(x)–3(x+2)2=10∫0x(t+2)f(t)dt, x≥0          ... (i)

On differentiating, we get

4(x+2)f(x)+2(x+2)2f'(x)–6(x+2)=10(x+2)f(x)

⇒ 2(x+2)2f'(x)–6(x+2)f(x)=6(x+2)

⇒ (x+2)f'(x)–3f(x)=3

⇒ (x+2)dydx–3y=3          [∵ f'(x)=dydx and f(x)=y]

⇒ dydx=3(1+y)(x+2) ⇒ dy3(1+y)=dx(x+2)

Integrating on both sides, we get

∫dy(1+y)=3∫dx(x+2) ⇒ ln(1+y)=3ln(x+2)+lnC

⇒ (1+y)=C(x+2)3          ... (ii)

Put x = 0 in equation (i), we get

2(2)2f(0)–3(2)2=0 ⇒ f(0)=32

From (ii), 1+32=C(2)3 ⇒ C=516

∴  y=516(x+2)3–1=f(x)

∴  f(2)=516×64–1=19



Q 37 :

Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation 2cosxdydx=sin2x–4ysinx, x∈(0,π2). If y(π3)=0, then y'(π4)+y(π4) is equal to _________.          [2025]



(1)

Given 2cosxdydx=sin2x–4ysinx, x∈(0,π2)

The simplified is given by  dydx=2 sin x·cos x2 cos x–4 sin x2 cos xy

⇒ dydx+2y tan x=sin x

The integrating factor is given by

I.F.=e∫2 tan xdx=2 sec2x

∴   The solution is given by

⇒ 2y sec2x=2∫sin xcos2xdx

⇒ y sec2x=∫tan x·sec xdx

⇒ y sec2x=sec x+c

Since, y(π3)=0 ⇒ 0=2+c ⇒ c=–2

∴  y=cosx–2cos2x & y'=–sinx+4sinx cosx

Here, y(π4)=12–1 & y'(π4)=–12+2

Hence, y'(π4)+y(π4)=12–1–12+2=1.



Q 38 :

If y = y(x) is the solution of the differential equation 4–x2dydx=((sin–1(x2))2–y)sin–1(x2), –2≤x≤2, y(2)=π2–84, then y2(0) is equal to _________.         [2025]



(4)

From the given D.E.

dydx+(sin–1x2)4–x2y=(sin–1x2)34–x2

I.F.=e∫sin–1x24–x2dx=e(sin–1x2)22

∴   ye(sin–1x2)22=∫(sin–1x2)34–x2e(sin–1x2)22dx

⇒ y=(sin–1x2)2–2+ce–(sin–1x2)22

Now, y(2)=π24–2+ce–π28

On comparing with y(2)=π2–84, we get c = 0

∴  y=(sin–1x2)2–2

Hence, y(0)=–2 ⇒y2(0)=4



Q 39 :

Let f:(0,∞)→R be a twice differentiable function. If for some a≠0, ∫01f(λx)dλ=af(x), f(1) = 1 and f(16)=18, then 16–f'(116) is equal to __________.          [2025]



(112)

We have  ∫01f(λx)dλ=af(x)

⇒  1x∫0xf(t)dt=af(x)  [Put λx=t ⇒ dλ=1xdt]

⇒  ∫0xf(t)dt=axf(x) 

⇒ f(x)=a(xf'(x)+f(x)) ⇒ (1–a)f(x)=axf'(x)

⇒ f'(x)f(x)=(1–a)a1x⇒ ln f(x)=1–aaln x+c          (On integrating)

Now, x = 1, f(1) = 1 ⇒ c = 0

Again x = 16, f(16)=18 ⇒ 18=(16)1–aa ⇒-3=4–4aa ⇒ a = 4

Therefore f(x) = x–3/4

⇒ f'(x)=–34x–74

Hence, 16–f'(116)=16–(–34(2–4)–7/4)

                                          = 16 + 96 = 112.



Q 40 :

If the solution curve f(x,y)=0 of the differential equation (1+logex)dxdy-xlogex=ey, x>0, passes through the points (1, 0) and (α,2), then αα is equal to     [2023]

  • ee2

     

  • e2e2

     

  • e2e2

     

  • e2e2

     

(4)

The given differential equation is,

(1+logx)dxdy-xlogx=ey

Put xlogx=t⇒(x1x+logx)dx=dt

⇒(1+logx)dx=dt

∴ Given equation becomes:  dtdy-t=ey, which is a linear differential equation.

∴   I.F.=e∫-dy=e-y

So, required solution is given by

       e-y·t=∫ey·e-y dy=y+C

⇒t=(y+C)ey

⇒xlogx=(y+C)ey    ⋯(i)

Now, (i) passes through (1, 0) and (α,2)

∴ C=0 and αlogα=2e2

⇒logαα=2e2  ⇒  αα=e2e2