Q 1 :

The differential equation of the family of circles passing through the origin and having centre at the line y = x is              [2024]

  • (x2+y2+2xy)dx=(x2+y2-2xy)dy

     

  • (x2-y2+2xy)dx=(x2-y2-2xy)dy

     

  • (x2+y2-2xy)dx=(x2+y2+2xy)dy

     

  • (x2-y2+2xy)dx=(x2-y2+2xy)dy

     

(2) 

Let (k, k) be the centre of circle, so equation of circle with radius r is given by

(x-k)2+(y-k)2=r2

Now, circle is passing through origin

  r2=2k2

So, equation of circle becomes

x2+y2-2kx-2ky=0         ... (i)

On differentiating (i) w.r.t. x, we get

2x + 2yy' – 2k – 2ky' = 0

  k=x+yy'(1+y')

Substituting the value of k in (i) we get

x2+y2-2x(x+yy'1+y')-2y(x+yy'1+y')=0

  (x2+y2)(1+y')-2x2-2xyy'-2xy-2y2y'=0

  -x2+y2+x2y'-y2y'-2xyy'-2xy=0

  (x2-y2-2xy)y' =x2-y2+2xy

  (x2-y2-2xy)dy= (x2-y2+2xy)dx

is the required differential equation.



Q 2 :

Let f(x) be a positive function such that the area bounded by y = f(x), y = 0 from x = 0 to x = a > 0 is e-a + 4a2 + a - 1. Then the differential equation, whose general solution is y = c1f(x) + c2, where c1 and c2 are arbitrary constants, is            [2024]

  • (8ex-1) d2ydx2+dydx=0

     

  • (8ex+1) d2ydx2-dydx=0

     

  • (8ex+1) d2ydx2+dydx=0

     

  • (8ex-1) d2ydx2-dydx=0

     

(3)

Given 0af(x)dx = e-a+4a2+a-1

On differentiating both sides, we get f(a) = -e-a+ 8a + 1

i.e., f(x) = -e-x+ 8x + 1

Now, y = c1f(x) + c2

  y' = c1f'(x) = c1(8 + e-x)       ... (i)

Again, on differentiating, we get c1 = - exy''    ... (ii)

From (i) and (ii), we get

y' = y''ex(-8 - e-x)  (8ex + 1)y'' +y' =0

 



Q 3 :

Let y=f(x)=sin3(π3(cos(π32(-4x3+5x2+1)32))). Then, at x=1,                [2023]

  • 2y'+3π2y=0

     

  • 2y'-3π2y=0

     

  • 2y'+3π2y=0

     

  • y'+3π2y=0

     

(3)

Let -4x3+5x2+1=t, then

y=sin3(π3(cos(π32t3/2)))

dtdx=-12x2+10x

  dydx=3sin2(π3(cos(π32t3/2)))·cos(π3cos(π32t3/2))·π3(-sin(π32t3/2))

        π32·32t1/2·dtdx

dydx=-3sin2(π3(cos(π32(-4x3+5x2+1)3/2))·cos(π3cos(π32(-4x3+5x2+1)3/2))·π3sin(π32(-4x3+5x2+1)3/2)·π22(-4x3+5x2+1)1/2(-12x2+10x)

At x=1, t=-4+5+1=2

dydx(x=1)=-3sin2(π3cos(π3223/2))·cos(π3cos(π3223/2))·π3sin(π3223/2)·π2221/2·(-2)

=π2sin2(π3(cos2π3))·cos(π3cos2π3)·sin(2π3)

=π2sin2(-π3·12)·cos(-π3·12)32

=32π2·14·32=316π2

at x=1, y=sin3(π3(cosπ32(2)3/2))=sin3(π3(cos2π3))

=sin3(-π3×12)=-18

 2y'+3π2y=2×316π2+3π2×(-18)=0



Q 4 :

Let a curve y=f(x),x(0,) pass through the points P(1,32) and Q(a,12). 

If the tangent at any point R(b,f(b)) to the given curve cuts the y-axis at the point S(0,c) such that bc=3,then (PQ)2 is equal to ______.   [2023]



(5)

Equation of tangent at R(b,f(b)) is   

y-f(b)=f'(b)(x-b)

Now, it passes through S(0,c)

  c-f(b)=f'(b)(0-b)

3b-f(b)=-bf'(b)    bf'(b)-f(b)=-3b

bf'(b)-f(b)b2=-3b3       d(f(b)b)=-3b3

  f(b)b=32b2+M

Now, the curve passes through P(1,32).

  32=32+M  So, f(b)=32b

Also, it passes through Q(a,12)

12=32a  a=3  Q(3,12)

   (PQ)2=22+12=5



Q 5 :

The degree of the differential equation  (d2ydx2)2+(dydx)2=xsin(dydx)  is:

  • 1

     

  • 2

     

  • 3

     

  • not defined

     

(4)

Ans.       not defined

Explanation :

The degree of the above differential equation is not defined because when we expand sin(dydx), we get an infinite series in the increasing powers of dydx. Therefore, its degree is not defined.



Q 6 :

The degree of the differential equation [1+(dydx)2]3/2=d2ydx2 is

  • 4

     

  • 32

     

  • not defined

     

  • 2

     

(4)

Ans.     2

Explanation:

Given that,

             [1+(dydx)2]3/2=d2ydx2

On squaring both sides, we get

           [1+(dydx)2]3=(d2ydx2)2

So, the degree of differential equation is 2.



Q 7 :

Which of the following is a second order differential equation?

  • (y')2+x=y2

     

  • y'y''+y=sinx

     

  • y'''+(y')2+y=0

     

  • y'=y2

     

(2)

Ans.     y'y''+y=sinx

Explanation:

The second order differential equation is  y'y''+y=sinx.



Q 8 :

The order and degree of differential equation (d3ydx3)2-3d2ydx2+2(dydx)4=y4 are:

  • 1, 4

     

  • 3, 4

     

  • 2, 4

     

  • 3, 2

     

(4)

Ans.      3, 2

Explanation:

Given that,

               (d3ydx3)2-3d2ydx2+2(dydx)4=y4

      Order = 3

and     Degree = 2



Q 9 :

Order and degree of the differential equation rdrdθ+cosθ=5 are:

  • order 2, degree 1

     

  • order 2, degree 2

     

  • order 1 and degree 1

     

  • order 2, degree not define

     

(3)

Ans.     order 1 and degree 1

Explanation:

In rdrdθ+cosθ=5, order 1 and degree =1.



Q 10 :

Order and degree of the differential equation edydx+dydx=x are:

  • order 2, degree 1

     

  • order 2, degree 2

     

  • order 1, degree 2

     

  • order 1, degree not defined

     

(4)

Ans.    order 1, degree not defined

Explanation:

Its order is 1, but the equation cannot be expressed as a polynomial differential equation.

   The degree is not defined.



Q 11 :

The order and the degree of differential equation  d4ydx4-4d3ydx3+8d2ydx2-8dydx+4y=0 respectively are:

  • order 4, degree 1

     

  • order 1, degree 4

     

  • order 1, degree 1

     

  • none of the above

     

(1)

Ans.     order 4, degree 1

Explanation:

In the given equation, highest differential power is 4 and degree is one.



Q 12 :

If m and n are the order and degree of the differential equation (d2ydx2)5+4(d2ydx2)3(d3ydx3)+d3ydx3=x2-1, then:

  • m=3 and n=5

     

  • m=3 and n=1

     

  • m=3 and n=3

     

  • m=3 and n=2

     

(4)

Ans.     m=3 and n=2

Explanation:

The highest order (m) of the given equation is d3ydx3=3

and degree (n) of the given equation is (d3ydx3)2=2.

Therefore, m=3 and n=2.



Q 13 :

The degree of the differential equation (1+dydx)3=(d2ydx2)2 is:

  • 1

     

  • 2

     

  • 3

     

  • 4

     

(2)

Ans.      2

Explanation:

We have,

              (1+dydx)3=(d2ydx2)2

So,            order = 2

and              degree = 2.



Q 14 :

The order and degree of the differential equation [1+(dydx)2]2=d2ydx2 respectively, are:

  • 1, 2

     

  • 2, 2

     

  • 2, 1

     

  • 4, 2

     

(3)

Ans.        2, 1

Explanation:

We have,

             [(1+dydx)2]=d2ydx2

So,         order = 2

and    degree = 1



Q 15 :

Number of arbitrary constants in general solution of differential equation of fourth order is:

  • 0

     

  • 2

     

  • 4

     

  • 3

     

(3)

Ans.     4

Explanation:

Number of arbitrary constants in the general solution of differential equation is equal to the order of differential equation.



Q 16 :

The solution of differential equation xdy-ydx=0 represents:

  • a rectangular hyperbola

     

  • parabola whose vertex is at origin

     

  • straight line passing through origin

     

  • a circle whose centre is at origin

     

(3)

Ans.        straight line passing through origin

Explanation:

Given that,

                 xdy-ydx=0

                     xdy=ydx

                     dyy=dxx

On integrating both sides, we get

                            logy=logx+logC

                     logy=log Cx

                           y=Cx

which is a straight line passing through origin.



Q 17 :

The solution of dydx-y=1, y(0)=1 is given by:

  • xy=-ex

     

  • xy=-e-x

     

  • xy=-1

     

  • y=2ex-1

     

(4)

Ans.    y=2ex-1

Explanation :

Given that,

                   dydx-y=1

                    dydx=1+y

                dy1+y=dx

On integrating both sides, we get

               log(1+y)=x+C                 ...(i)

When x=0 and y=1, then

                       log2=0+C

                      C=log2

The required solution is

              log(1+y)=x+log2

      log(1+y2)=x

              1+y2=ex

                 1+y=2ex

                        y=2ex-1



Q 18 :

The differential equation ydydx+x=C represents:

  • family of hyperbolas

     

  • family of parabolas

     

  • family of ellipses

     

  • family of circles

     

(4)

Ans.          family of circles

Explanation :

Given that,

                    ydydx+x=C

                      ydydx=C-x

                         ydy=(C-x)dx

On integrating both sides, we get

                                y22=Cx-x22+K                  (where K is an integration constant)

               x22+y22=Cx+K

     x22+y22-Cx=K

which represents a family of circles.



Q 19 :

The solution of differential equation  dydx=1+y21+x2 is:

  • y=tan-1x

     

  • y-x=k(1+xy)

     

  • x=tan-1y

     

  • tan(xy)=k

     

(2)

Ans.       y-x=k(1+xy)

Explanation:

Given that,

                     dydx=1+y21+x2

          dy1+y2=dx1+x2

On integrating both sides, we get

                                 tan-1y=tan-1x+C

          tan-1y-tan-1x=C

             tan-1(y-x1+xy)=C

                          y-x1+xy=tanC

                               y-x=tanC(1+xy)

                               y-x=k(1+xy)

where, k=tanC



Q 20 :

The general solution of  dydx=2xex2-y is:

  • ex2-y=C

     

  • e-y+ex2=C

     

  • ey=ex2+C

     

  • ex2+y=C

     

(3)

Ans.       ey=ex2+C

Explanation:

Given that,

                       dydx=2xex2-y=2xex2·e-y

                                  eydydx=2xex2

                                    eydy=2xex2dx

On integrating both sides, we get

                                      eydy=2xex2dx

Put x2=t in RHS integral, we get

                                         2xdx=dt

                                eydy=etdt

                                        ey=et+C

                                        ey=ex2+C



Q 21 :

The solution of equation  (2y-1)dx-(2x+3)dy=0 is:

  • 2x-12y+3=k

     

  • 2y+12x-3=k

     

  • 2x+32y-1=k

     

  • 2x-12y-1=k

     

(3)

Ans.      2x+32y-1=k

Explanation:

Given that,

             (2y-1)dx-(2x+3)dy=0

                               (2y-1)dx=(2x+3)dy

                                     dx2x+3=dy2y-1

On integrating both sides, we get

                                12log(2x+3)=12log(2y-1)+logC

                12[log(2x+3)-log(2y-1)]=logC

                                        12log(2x+32y-1)=logC

                                            (2x+32y-1)1/2=C

                                                     2x+32y-1=C2

                                                     2x+32y-1=k, where k=C2



Q 22 :

The solution of differential equation dydx=ex-y+x2e-y is:

  • y=ex-y-x2e-y+C

     

  • ey-ex=x33+C

     

  • ex+ey=x33+C

     

  • ex-ey=x33+C

     

(2)

Ans.         ey-ex=x33+C

Explanation:

Given that,         dydx=ex-y+x2e-y

                    dydx=exe-y+x2e-y

                    dydx=ex+x2ey

                 eydy=(ex+x2)dx

On integrating both sides, we get

                   eydy=(ex+x2)dx

                       ey=ex+x33+C

              ey-ex=x33+C



Q 23 :

The solution of the equation (1+x2)dydx=1 is:

  • y=log(1+x2)+C

     

  • y+log(1+x2)+C=0

     

  • y-log(1+x)+C

     

  • y=tan-1x+C

     

(4)

Ans.       y=tan-1x+C

Explanation:

               (1+x2)dydx=1

                       dydx=11+x2

                        dy=dx1+x2

On integrating,         y=tan-1x+C



Q 24 :

The general solution of differential equation dydx=ex+y is:

  • ex+e-y=C

     

  • e-x+ey=C

     

  • ex+ey=C

     

  • e-x+e-y=C

     

(1)

Ans.      ex+e-y=C

Explanation:

                  dydx=ex×ey

       e-ydy=exdx

On integrating both sides,

       e-ydy=exdx

             -e-y=ex+A

    -e-y-ex=A

        e-y+ex=-A

              e-y+ex=C, where C=-A



Q 25 :

The general solution of the differential equation dydx=cotx coty is:

  • cos x=C cosec y

     

  • sin x=C sec y

     

  • sin x=C cos y

     

  • cos x=C sin y

     

(2)

Ans.     sin x=C sec y

Explanation:

                                  dydx=cotx coty

    cotxdx-tanydy=0

Integrating on both sides, we get

    cotxdx-tanydy=0

               log sinx-log secy=logC

                         log(sinxsecy)=logC

                                     sin x=C sec y



Q 26 :

Which of the following is a homogeneous differential equation?

  • (4x+6y+5)dy-(3y+2x+4)dx=0

     

  • xydx-(x3+y3)dx=0

     

  • (x3+2y2)dx+2xydy=0

     

  • y2dx+(x2-xy-y2)dy=0

     

(4)

Ans.       y2dx+(x2-xy-y2)dy=0

Explanation:

By equation, y2dx+(x2-xy-y2)dy=0

     dydx=-y2x2-xy-y2

Power of numerator and denominator are of same order. Hence, it is a homogeneous differential equation.



Q 27 :

The integrating factor of differential equation cosxdydx+ysinx=1 is:

  • cos x

     

  • tan x

     

  • sec x

     

  • sin x

     

(3)

Ans.     sec x

Explanation:

Given that,

              cosxdydx+ysinx=1

  dydx+ytanx=secx

Here, P=tan x  and  Q=sec x

                IF=ePdx=etanxdx=elog secx

            =sec x



Q 28 :

The integrating factor of differential equation (1-x2)dydx-xy=1 is:

  • -x

     

  • x1+x2

     

  • 1-x2

     

  • 12log(1-x2)

     

(3)

Ans.        1-x2

Explanation:

Given that,

             (1-x2)dydx-xy=1

         dydx-x1-x2y=11-x2

which is a linear differential equation.

                 IF=e-x1-x2dx

Put           1-x2=t

      -2xdx=dt

             xdx=-dt2

Now,                IF=e12dtt=e12logt

                           =e12log(1-x2)

                            =1-x2



Q 29 :

The integrating factor of differential equation dydx+ytanx-secx=0 is:

  • cos x

     

  • sec x

     

  • ecosx

     

  • esecx

     

(2)

Ans.       sec x

Explanation:

Given that,

                 dydx+ytanx-secx=0

Here,    P=tanx, Q=secx

                   IF=ePdx=etanxdx

                       =e(log sec x)

                       =sec x



Q 30 :

The solution of  xdydx+y=ex is:

  • y=exx+kx

     

  • y=xex+Cx

     

  • y=xex+k

     

  • x=eyy+ky

     

(1)

Ans.        y=exx+kx

Explanation:

Given that,

                xdydx+y=ex

        dydx+yx=exx

which is a linear differential equation.

     IF=e1xdx=elogx=x

The general solution is

      y·x=(exx·x)dx

      y·x=exdx

      y·x=ex+k

           y=exx+kx