Water soluble pigments found in plant cell vacuoles are [2016]
carotenoids
anthocyanins
xanthophylls
chlorophylls
(2)
Anthocyanins are water soluble pigments, which commonly occur in membrane enclosed vacuoles. They are responsible for colour of fruits and flower petals.
Match the columns and identify the correct option. [2015]
| Column I | Column II | ||
| A. | Thylakoids | (i) | Disc-shaped sacs in Golgi apparatus |
| B. | Cristae | (ii) | Condensed structure of DNA |
| C. | Cisternae | (iii) | Flat membranous sacs in stroma |
| D. | Chromatin | (iv) | Infoldings in mitochondria |
A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii)
A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(ii), D-(i)
A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(i), D-(ii)
A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(ii)
Cellular organelles with membranes are [2015]
endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes and nuclei
lysosomes, Golgi apparatus and mitochondria
nuclei, ribosomes and mitochondria
chromosomes, ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulum.
Which of the following are not membrane bound? [2015]
Lysosomes
Mesosomes
Vacuoles
Ribosomes
DNA is not present in [2015]
nucleus
mitochondria
chloroplast
ribosomes
(4)
Ribosome is a small spherical body within a living cell that is the site of protein synthesis. Ribosomes consist of two subunits, one large and one small, each of which comprises some RNA (called ribosomal RNA) and proteins. They do not have any DNA.
Nuclear envelope is a derivative of [2015]
microtubules
rough endoplasmic reticulum
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
membrane of Golgi complex
(2)
Recent developments have shown that nuclear membrane is derived from rough endoplasmic reticulum. During cell division, nuclear membrane is disintegrated. The nuclear envelope transmembrane proteins are absorbed in the RER. Once the division is completed, RER reassembles the nuclear envelope.
The structures that are formed by stacking of organised flattened membranous sacs in the chloroplasts are [2015]
stroma lamellae
stroma
cristae
grana
(4)
A chloroplast is a vesicle, bound by an envelope of two unit membranes and filled with a fluid matrix called stroma. The lamellae, after separation from the inner membrane, usually take the form of closed, flattened, ovoid sacs, the thylakoids, which lie closely packed in piles, the grana.
Select the correct matching in the following pairs. [2015]
Rough ER – Synthesis of glycogen
Rough ER – Oxidation of fatty acids
Smooth ER – Oxidation of phospholipids
Smooth ER – Synthesis of lipids
(4)
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is a system of smooth membranes (i.e., membranes not having ribosomes) within the cytoplasm of plant and animal cells. It forms a link between the cell and nuclear membranes. It is the site of important metabolic reactions, including phospholipids and fatty acid synthesis. In animal cells, lipid-like steroidal hormones are also synthesised.
The chromosomes in which centromere is situated close to one end are [2015]
telocentric
sub-metacentric
metacentric
acrocentric
(4)
Centromere is a part of a chromosome that attaches to the spindle during cell division. A chromosome with the centromere close to one end is acrocentric.
The solid linear cytoskeletal elements having a diameter of 6 nm and made up of a single type of monomer are known as [2014]
microtubules
microfilaments
intermediate filaments
lamins
(2)
Microfilaments are ultramicroscopic long, cylindrical rods that occur in eukaryotic plants and animals. They are 6–8 nm in thickness. Microtubules are hollow microscopic tubular structures with an external diameter of 24 nm and of variable length. They are composed of tubulin. Intermediate filaments are the numerous microscopic protein fibres of about 10 nm thickness that form part of the cytoskeleton. They are made up of a variety of proteins, e.g., keratin in nails.
